Volkswagen, BMW and Daimler are three of the world’s biggest car manufacturers. In 2019, Daimler blew the whistle and revealed that they had colluded over years to not compete on emissions cleaning technologies. The companies would have had the means to further reduce their cars’ emissions but agreed not to do so, harming both their customers and the environment. As a consequence, the European Commission fined VW and BMW €875 million for the ‘emissions cartel’. Daimler was let off for having blown the whistle.